[Polycystic kidney disease].

نویسندگان

  • E Higashihara
  • K Nutahara
  • M Oshi
چکیده

要旨: 常染色体優性遺伝嚢胞腎(ADPKD)は 進行性の腎機能低下が主要な病態であるが, その予後は従 来いわれているように 「診断後10年で腎不全に到る」ものでもなく, 腎不全が不可避でもない. 本邦で の透析導入時平均年齢は52~56歳 であるが, 透析に移行しない者も含めると, おおよそ平均73歳で終末 期腎不全に到る. 60歳代で透析を受ける割合は約40%で あり, 本邦のADPKDの 予後は欧米よりも若干 良好である可能性がある. ADPKDの 遺伝子は第16染色体の短腕上のα-globin遺伝子の近くに存在することが確かめられてい る. この遺伝子(PKD1)に よるADPKDと, PKD1の 関与が証明されないADPKDで は, 腎機能の予 後が異なることが報告されている. 高血圧は約60%に 認められる. 嚢胞の圧迫によって腎動脈が狭細化し, レニン-ア ンギオテソシソーア ル ドステロン系が刺激されることが高血圧発症の端緒であり, 片側性腎血管性高血圧と異なり両腎が侵 されているので, 圧Na利 尿がおこらず, Naが 体内に貯留し高血圧となると考えられている. 肝嚢胞の合併頻度は57%で 高齢になるに従い増大し, 肝嚢胞の有る者ほど腎機能は悪い. 肝嚢胞 と膵 嚢胞(7%)の 合併は有意に相関する. 経皮的嚢胞穿刺を行っても腎機能は改善せず, 出血や感染など の合併症もあるので激しい落痛や管理の困難な感染の治療を目的とする以外は実施すべきではないと考 えられる. その他ADPKDに は, 腎結石(10~18%), 大腸憩室(80%), 頭蓋内動脈瘤(8%), 心臓弁 膜の閉鎖不全(20~30%)な どの合併症がある.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi

دوره Suppl 50th Ann  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1992